The extreme summer heat is a very real threat to your health and may endanger your life, not just a little annoyance of sweating out your armpits and irritating sunburns. Heatstroke is more likely, especially while you are outside. It targets vital organs and becomes fatal quickly. Heatstroke can strike anywhere, so be alert and vigilant no matter where you are this summer, whether you're driving to work or relaxing on a beach during your well-earned break.

The best way to avoid heatstroke this summer, according to Dr. Rajiv Chhabra, Chief Paediatrician at Artemis Hospitals, is to take preventative measures.

He described how heatstroke can be fatal. "Heatstroke is a serious medical emergency that can occur when your body gets too hot, often due to prolonged exposure to high temperatures or intense physical activity in the heat," stated Dr. Rajiv Chhabra. It can affect people of all ages, and if left untreated, it can cause significant harm to vital organs such as the brain, heart, kidneys, and muscles. It can even be fatal in extreme situations.

In order to make heatstroke prevention and even emergency treatment simpler, Dr. Chhabra published a guide that covers the key steps for preventing heatstroke and providing first aid if it does happen:

Easy methods to avoid heatstroke

1. Stay hydrated

• Drink as much water as you can throughout the day, even if you're not thirsty. Being dehydrated is one of the most common factors contributing to heatstroke.
• Children and older adults are at the greatest risk for heat stroke, so you need to ensure they are drinking water regularly.
• Try not to consume drinks with caffeine or alcohol, as these can dehydrate you.

2. Dress light

• Your body needs to sweat to stay cool, so wearing loose, breathable clothing can help the sweating process.
• Cotton and linen clothing are breathable fabrics that help sweat evaporate and cool off your body.
• Light colours reflect sunlight, thereby reducing heat absorption.
• Wearing darker, tighter clothing will trap heat and increase body temperature quickly.

3. Avoid outdoor activities during peak heat

• When the sun is at its highest, generally from about noon until 4 pm, it is better to be indoors.
• If outdoors, take breaks often in cool areas or shade.
• Children can be playing on a hot day, and adults can be working in the heat, signifying that it is so important to watch them closely.

4. Never leave anyone in a parked car

• A parked vehicle can heat up to dangerous levels within minutes.
• Sitting in your car with the car shut off, and even with the windows slightly open, within minutes the temperature will rise and can cause heatstroke.
• Never leave children, pets, or adults in a parked car.

What to do if someone shows signs of heatstroke?

1. Move the person to a cooler environment

• The first thing to do is get the person from the hot area to cooler surroundings. 
• Move them indoors, preferably with a fan or air conditioning, or if not, just into the shade. 
• Reducing exposure to heat helps prevent the condition from worsening and aids recovery.

2. Reduce the body temperature

• To help safely and quickly reduce the body temperature, you can place a cool, damp cloth on the skin or sponge the person with water. 
• Try to work on large areas such as the neck and armpits.

3. Fan them while spraying water

• Use a squirt bottle or a wet cloth to spray the person with water while you fan them. 
• This will simulate sweating and accelerate the body's cooling process through evaporation, which will help to get their internal temperature down more quickly.

4. Do not give them water if unconscious

• Never give water to anyone who is either unconscious or somewhat unconscious. 
• This can cause choking or aspiration. 
• If the person is conscious and can swallow, their water should be in small sips of cool water.

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